Loading device for pressure rollers



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Sept. 11, 1956 H. UDE 2,762,082

LOADING DEVICE FOR PRESSURE ROLLERS Filed Feb. 6, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet l hu a/m? flaws 3164a,

Sept. 11, 1956 H. UDE

LOADING DEVICE FOR PRESSURE ROLLERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 6, 1953 United States Patent LOADING DEVICE FOR PRESSURE ROLLERS Hans Ude, Kaiserslautern, Germany, assignor to Schiess Aktiengesellschaft, Dusseldorf-Oberkassel, Germany, a German company Application February 6, 1953, Serial No. 335,466

Claims. (Cl. 19135) The invention relates to a loading-device for pressure rollers, especially for the pressure-rollers of drafting apparatus of spinning machines.

In drafting apparatus for spinning and pre-spinning machines and also in other processing machines, rotating rollers with superimposed pressure-rollers are used to a great extent, the rollers being loaded by weights or by spring pressure and the material to be processed being clamped between a pressure-roller and a bottom roller. In spinning machines the necessary loading pressure for attaining the required pressure between the rollers depends on the varying drafting and spinning conditions, on the kind of fibrous material and on its thickness and twist, and on other conditions.

Whether these loading forces are applied by means of weights or by springs, they always put a big load on the whole frame of the machine which must therefore be correspondingly sturdy and strong to withstand the strain. If the pressure-rollers are loaded by weights, the whole load, which often amounts to several tons, is transmitted to the floor through the frame of the machine, which therefore must also be built correspondingly strong.

The loading of the pressure-rollers stresses the bottom roller and causes bending and further constitutes the main part of the load on the bearings of the rollers. The bending and bearing stresses are of a decisive influence on the size of the Working-rollers, because these must not bend to an unallowable amount under the influence of the loading forces. The diameter of the working-rollers, the distance between the bearing-points, as well as the number of bearings had, therefore, to be selected in conformity with the stresses mentioned. In other words, heretofore, the diameters of the working-rollers could not be selected merely in conformity with the best spinning and drafting requirements, as is for instance desirable when material of short fibre is processed in drafting machines. In such instances the distances between the various rollers and cylinders must be as small as possible. There is, however, a limit to the reduction which can be made in the diameter of the rollers for a given length, as also, on the other hand, for a given roller diameter there is a determined distance between the bearings and a determined number of bearings.

To fix the position of the pressure-rollers in relation to the lower rollers, the shafts of the pressure-rollers are either held at their ends, in special holders such as in slots in the frames or in caps, or special supporting rods, lever arms or the like, are used which with one end encircle the shaft of the pressure-roller in the middle and at the other end are hinged to a fixed fulcrum.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a loading device for pressure-rollers, especially for drafting mechanism of spinning-machines which, on the one hand, allows the pressure-roller to be given any degree of loading-pressure without unduly stressing the lower roller to cause bending or subjecting its hearings to pressure, and which, on the other hand, makes use of the 2,762,082 Patented Sept. 11, 1956 lower roller itself to fix the position of the pressureroller.

The invention consists in connecting the pressure-roller directly to the lower or opposed roller wtih which it operates, with its axis parallel to the latter, and with the two rollers co-operating as regards form and load. The holding device for the pressure roller has a bearing engaging around the lower roller in such a manner that it cannot shift axially, while it may, according to one form of the invention, engage a recess in the bottom-roller. In another form, the bearing of the holding-device for the pressure-roller is held in position on the lower roller by means of cylindrical bushes pushed over it.

According to a further characteristic of the invention, the holding-device of the pressure-roller is provided with at least one spring, the pressure of which acts on the pressure-roller. At the one end of the holding-device a parallel guide can be provided in which a slide-block, pressing on the pressure-roller by means of a spring is fitted. At the same time the slide-block complete with spring can be interchangeable. The bearing of the holding-device can furthermore be so designed that after dismantling the pressure-roller, the device can be removed as a whole from the lower-roller.

According to another form of the invention the holding-device of the pressure-roller consists of a clamp one end of which presses on the pressure-roller and the other end of which has its bearing on the lower-roller. The holding-device can also be made a a resilient clamp one end of which grips under the lower-roller and the other end of which presses on the pressure-roller.

The holding-device is suitably secured against turning around the axis of the lower roller by means of a stop. The holding-device can furthermore act on the lower roller through a roller bearing. To provide a counterforce which endeavours to hold the axis of the pressureroller in the direction of the axis of the bottom-roller, without needing any additional means for this, the invention proposes to let the direction of action of the spring force pass at a certain distance from the axis of the bottom-roller.

In conclusion, the holding device can in a further form of the invention be supported by at least one counterpressure-roller, having its bearing .in the device itself.

The invention can be seen from some examples shown by the accompanying drawings. These examples refer principally to pressure-rollers for drafting mechanism of spinning machines, but the invention is also in a similar manner applicable to other processing machines where it is necessary to hold a certain material to be treated in a clamped contact between rotating rollers.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the loading-device according to one form of the invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through the loading-device shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a modified detail of the loading-device in cross-section.

Figure 4 shows another modification in part longitudinal section.

Figure 5 is the view of another form of the invention in part longitudinal section.

Figure 6 is a cross-section through the form shown in Figure 5.

Figure 7 shows another form of the invention in part longitudinal section.

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic cross-section of another construction.

Figure 9 shows a releasable device in cross-section.

Figure 10 shows a modification of the form shown in Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a side-view of a simplified form of the loading-device.

straction shown in Figure 14 with the counter-roller shown in Figure 13.

I claim:

1. In combination with a drafting machine: a pair of pressure rollers spaced from and connected with each other, shaft means arranged below and in spaced relationship to said pressure rollers, a pair of sleeves connected to said shaft means and spaced from each other, said sleeves forming a pair of lower rollers and being arranged for cooperation with said pressure rollers, holding means journalled on said shaft means and fitting between said sleeves so as to be substantially immovable in the axial direction of said shaft means, said holding means holding said pair of pressure rollers in axial parallel position with regard to said lower rollers, extension means connected to said holding means, and means adjacent said extension means and forming an abutment therefor to prevent said holding means from turning around the longitudinal axis of said shaft means in the direction of the working movement of said lower rollers.

2. In combination with a drafting machine: a pair of pressure rollers spaced from and connected with each other, a pair of lower rollers spaced from each other and arranged for cooperation with said pressure rollers, shaft means interconnecting said lower rollers, anti-friction bearing means mounted on said shaft means, holding means journalled on said anti-friction bearing means only and holding said pair of pressure rollers in axis parallel position with regard to said lower rollers, said pressure rollers being force locked with said lower rollers by said holding means, and means adjacent said holding means and arranged to prevent said holding means from turning on said shaft means in the direction of the working movement of said lower rollers.

3. In combination with a drafting machine: a pair of pressure rollers spaced from each other, first shaft means interconnecting said pressure rollers, a pair of lower rollers spaced from each other and arranged for cooperation with said pressure rollers, second shaft means interconnecting said lower rollers, holding means engaging said second shaft means only and having an upwardly directed extension including a cylinder, plunger means slidably mounted in said cylinder toward and away from said first shaft means, spring means continuously urging said plunger toward said first shaft means, the front surface of said plunger being curved in substantial conformity with the curvature of said first shaft means, extension means connected to said holding means, and means adjacent said extension means and forming an abutment therefor to prevent said holding means from turning on said second shaft means in the direction of the working movement of said lower rollers.

4. An arrangement according to claim 3, in which the plane passing through the axis of said cylinder and the longitudinal axis of said first shaft means is located laterally of the longitudinal plane of symmetry of said second shaft means.

5. In combination with a drafting machine: a pair of pressure rollers spaced from each other, shaft means interconnecting said pressure rollers and at least partly defining a first groove, lower roller means arranged for cooperation with said pressure rollers and provided with a second groove, holding means engaging said second groove so as to be substantially immovable in the axial direction of said lower roller means, said holding means fitting closely into said first groove so as by itself to hold said pressure rollers axially parallel with the lower roller means and to prevent said upper rollers from being displaced in the axial direction thereof, said holding means including resilient means continuously urging said pressure rollers and said lower roller means toward each other,

and abutment means engaging said holding means to thereby prevent said holding means and said pressure rollers from turning about the am's of said roller means.

6. In combination with a drafting machine: a pair of pressure rollers spaced from each other, shaft means interconnecting said pressure rollers and at least partly defining a groove, lower roller means arranged for cooperation with said pressure rollers, said lower roller means including a shaft and sleeves arranged on said shaft in spaced relationship to each other and connected thereto, holding means having its lower end clamped in between said sleeves so as to be substantially immovable in the axial direction of said lower roller means and having another portion closely fitting into said groove so as by itself to hold said pressure rollers axially parallel with the lower roller means and to prevent said pressure rollers from being displaced in the axial direction thereof, said holding means including resilient means continuously urging said pressure rollers and said lower roller means toward each,

other, and abutment means engaging said holding means to thereby prevent said holding means and said pressure rollers from turning about the axis of said roller means.

7. In combination with a drafting machine: a pair of pressure rollers spaced from each other, shaft means interconnecting said pressure rollers and at least partly defining a first groove, lower roller means arranged for cooperation with said pressure rollers and provided with a second groove, holding means journalled in said second groove so as to be substantially immovable in the axial direction of said lower roller means, said holding means having its upper end provided with a casing having a reciprocable member mounted therein and surrounding a pressure spring interposed between said casing and said reciprocable member, the lower end of said reciprocable member fitting closely into said first groove so as by itself to hold said pressure rollers axially parallel with the lower roller means and to prevent said upper rollers from being displaced in the axial direction thereof while continuously urging said pressure rollers and said lower roller means toward each other, and abutment means engaging said holding means to thereby prevent said holding means and said pressure rollers from turning about the axis of said lower roller means.

8. An arrangement according to claim 7, in which the lower end face of said reciprocable member is concave in conformity with the curvature of the bottom of said first groove.

9. An arrangement according to claim 5, in which said holding means is formed by a resilient yoke having a first arm with a jaw-like end engaging said second groove from below and having a second arm with a jaw-like end engaging said first groove from above, said arms continuously urging said pressure rollers and said lower roller means toward each other.

10. An arrangement according to claim 5, in which said holding means includes a roller engaging said second groove.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 765,715 Shaw July 26, 1904 1,710,275 Prince-Smith Apr. 23, 1929 2,153,118 Harris Apr. 4, 1937 2,631,335 Tweedale Mar. 17, 1953 2,675,586 Hohloch Apr. 20, 1954 FOREIGN PATENTS 148,668 Great Britain Aug. 5, 1920 286,899 Great Britain Mar. 15, 1928 576,902 Great Britain Apr. 25, 1946 

